Exercise apparatus and method

ABSTRACT

An exercise apparatus, including a lower structure, an upper structure, wherein an end region of said upper structure is pivotably connected to an end region of said lower structure, wherein said upper structure is rotatable relative to said lower structure, and at least one resistance element. The at least one of said at least one resistance element is at least one of attached to and connected to said upper structure and to said lower structure. The at least one resistance element provides resistance to at least one of a rotational movement and an upward movement of said upper structure away from said lower structure. A method for utilizing an exercise apparatus, including mounting the apparatus by placing oneself on a lower structure and by placing one&#39;s back against an upper structure, pushing against the upper structure so as to cause the upper structure to rotate away from the lower structure against a biasing resistance, and reaching a desired angle of rotation between the upper structure and the lower structure.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The human body relies on the structural support of the muscles in the back, torso and abdomen. By toning the muscles in the back, torso and abdomen, an individual can achieve a better posture, can prevent injuries, and can reduce the incidence of back pain at the present time as well as later in life.

[0002] Numerous exercise machines and devices have been developed for exercising and strengthening the abdominal muscles. While machines have been developed for allowing individuals to exercise and strengthen their back muscles, the design of these machines renders them impractical for convenient use. Typically these machines provide resistance while an individual, while starting from an upright position attempts to move backwards against a resistance component of the machine. These machines typically do not provide resistance during the full motion of the exercise and the resistance which is provided typically begins at a certain point in the movement. Further, these machines are typically very expensive and usually found in gyms thereby making home use virtually impossible to the typical individual.

[0003] While back resistance exercise machines exist, these exercise machines are typically gym-based and require that an individual be seated and/or be positioned on a large and, in many cases, a bulky apparatus. These exercise machines generally require an individual to press or move backwards against a resistance starting from an upright or vertical position, typically at an angle of ninety degrees (90°) from the horizontal, and through an angle or range of motion having a maximum range of one hundred and eighty degrees (180°) from the referenced position. In this manner, these prior art machines do not provide resistance through a full range of motion. These prior art machines are typically large in size, have a large footprint, and typically utilize weight plates and/or pins, thereby making such machines impractical for home use.

[0004] As a result, it is easy to see that there are many drawbacks to the current state of the art in back and torso exercise equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The present invention pertains to an exercise apparatus and method which overcomes the shortfalls of the prior art. The present invention pertains to an exercise apparatus and method and, in particular, to an exercise apparatus and method for exercising the back and torso.

[0006] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in alternate preferred embodiments in order to exercise the abdominal muscles.

[0007] The apparatus can include a lower structure and an upper structure with the two structures rotatably connected to one another. The apparatus can also include resistance elements which are attached to each of the lower structure and the upper structure so as to provide resistance in the rotation and/or movement of the upper structure away from the lower structure.

[0008] The resistance elements can be positioned in any appropriate manner on or about the apparatus.

[0009] The lower structure can include a frame with a seat or pad attached to same. The lower structure can also include legs or similar structures which can be attached to the lower structure or any component thereof in any appropriate manner. The legs or similar structures can serve to elevate the seat of the lower structure above the floor or ground.

[0010] The lower structure can also include a stop mechanism which can be of any suitable and/or appropriate design. The stop mechanism can be utilized in order to limit the downward movement of the upper structure towards the lower structure and/or prevent same beyond a certain point.

[0011] The stop mechanism can be of any suitable or appropriate design or designs for the particular apparatus. The stop mechanism can be a mechanically deployable device, a fixed device, a variable fixed device, an adjustable device, and/or any other appropriate device.

[0012] The lower structure can also include extension rods or elements which can be utilized for receiving the resistance elements. The lower structure can also include handles extending from the sides thereof for allowing the individual to grasp same while performing exercises with the apparatus.

[0013] The upper structure can include a frame and a back pad or other similar element of structure. The upper structure can also include handle portions which can be attached to suitable structure or component of the upper structure. The handle portions can be gripped during exercise movements.

[0014] The upper structure can also include a stop element or device which can be utilized in conjunction with the stop mechanism of the lower structure.

[0015] The upper structure can also include extension rods or elements which can be utilized for receiving the resistance elements.

[0016] The lower structure and the upper structure can be pivotably and/or rotatably connected to one another such as by connecting together the terminal ends of the respective structures and/or the frames thereof in any appropriate manner.

[0017] The apparatus can facilitate the rotation and/or the movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure through a range of movement of from or as near as possible to zero degrees (0°) to as far as one hundred and eighty degrees (180°). In this manner an individual can achieve an abdominal to thigh range of movement or range of motion from as near to zero degrees as possible to one hundred and eighty degrees, thereby facilitating use by any individual or individuals regardless of their flexibility. The range of movement and/or the range of motion of the upper structure relative to the lower structure can also be adjustable.

[0018] The resistance elements can be applied to and/or be attached to the respective elements of the respective lower structure and upper structure. The resistance elements can have predetermined resistances corresponding thereto. The resistance elements can also selected to as to provide a fixed resistance or a varying resistance throughout the range of motion of the desired exercise movement.

[0019] The resistance elements that can be utilized can come in varying resistances and/or resistance levels which can be interchanged with one another so as to provide and/or so as to accommodate utilizing the apparatus with different resistance levels, settings, and/or degrees of difficulty. The resistance elements can be easily attached to, and removed from, the respective upper structure and lower structure.

[0020] The resistance elements can be secured to the respective elements of the respective structures so as to prevent their slipping off of the apparatus during use.

[0021] The apparatus can be utilized in order to perform exercises involving the back and torso. The apparatus can be utilized for strengthening and/or toning the muscles of the back and torso by providing a device for providing resistance to exercise movements. Any number of exercises can be performed on or in conjunction with the apparatus of the present invention.

[0022] The apparatus can be provided with fixed stop devices or with adjustable stop devices and/or stop devices which are pivotably moveable. The apparatus can also be provided with stop devices which are vertically adjustable.

[0023] The apparatus can also include a leg support device for restricting leg and/or knee movement during an exercise movement.

[0024] The apparatus can also be designed to rest on a floor. In this embodiment, the lower structure, the frame of the lower structure and/or the seat of the lower structure can be designed so that an individual can utilize the apparatus with his or her legs fully extended. The apparatus can also include a foot support device which can be utilized in order to prevent movement of the individual's feet during the exercise movement.

[0025] The apparatus can also be provided with any one or more of a headrest, a head pad, a neck pad, a neck brace, padding, and/or support or safety structures, for providing additional support for the individual utilizing same.

[0026] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized for performing abdominal exercises, and/or for performing exercises for the muscles of the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles and/or muscle groups.

[0027] The apparatus of the present invention can also include handles which can be adjustable so as to accommodate the height or size of the respective user of same. The handles which are utilized can also be telescopically adjustable. The handles can also be fixed and/or can be adjustably fixed so as to extend obliquely from the sides of the upper structure. The handles can also be moveable and/or adjustable so as to be positioned in any number of suitable ways so as to facilitate the needs of the respective user or users.

[0028] The apparatus of the present invention, and/or any of the components thereof, can be constructed of and/or can be manufactured of any appropriate or suitable material and/or combination of materials.

[0029] The apparatus of the present invention can be utilized in any appropriate manner in order to perform any exercise(s) which can include and/or which are premised upon providing movements against resistance.

[0030] The apparatus can be utilized to strengthen, firm, tone and shape, the muscles in the back, the lower back and torso. The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized for exercising, strength training, rehabilitation, and/or for any other suitable purpose.

[0031] The apparatus of the present invention can be utilized by individuals having lower back problems, or back problems, of any type or kind, in order to strengthen the back muscles and, hence, the back without the use of methods or routines which cause or result in axial loading and its negative effects on the individual or the individual's condition.

[0032] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in order to allow an individual to target the back muscles for exercise, thereby providing for the stabilization and/or the strengthening of the entire axial skeleton.

[0033] The apparatus and method of the present invention can also be utilized in rehabilitation scenarios and/or applications and can allow an individual to gradually increase the amount of resistance, utilized in the exercise, over time so as to strengthen and rehabilitate back muscles and other related muscles following an injury.

[0034] The apparatus and method of the present invention, by utilizing any one or more of the herein-described back pads and/or or any of the headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), neck brace(s), padding, or safety equipment, can prevent the hyper extending of the neck or head during use or exercise, thereby serving to prevent injuries which can result from such hyper extending movements.

[0035] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in order to strengthen the back muscles so as to provide structural support for the spine and/or for the spinal column, thereby preventing and/or decreasing the incidence of back and spinal injuries.

[0036] The apparatus of the present invention provides an exercise apparatus which is easy to use and which provides for controlled movements, thereby serving to ensure that exercises are performed correctly and preventing injury.

[0037] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method.

[0038] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method for exercising muscles in the back.

[0039] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method for exercising muscles in the torso.

[0040] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which utilizes resistance elements in order to provide resistance during an exercise movement.

[0041] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can include structural elements pivotably and/or rotatably connected to one another for facilitating use of the apparatus.

[0042] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which includes stop elements for limiting a movement or a range of movement of a component of the apparatus.

[0043] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which utilizes resistance elements having a fixed resistance.

[0044] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which utilizes resistance elements having a varying resistance during a range of motion of an exercise movement.

[0045] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can include a leg support device for preventing and/or limiting leg and/or knee movement during an exercise movement.

[0046] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can include any one or more of a headrest, a head pad, a neck pad, a neck brace, padding, and/or support or safety structure, for providing additional support for the individual utilizing same.

[0047] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be designed so as to enable an individual to exercise while elevated above the floor.

[0048] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be designed so as to enable the individual to exercise while in a seated position.

[0049] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be designed so as to enable the individual to exercise while in a legs fully extended position.

[0050] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can include a foot support device which can be utilized in order to prevent and/or limit the movement of the individual's feet during an exercise movement.

[0051] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized in conjunction with stopping devices or mechanisms which can be any one or more of fixed, variable, or adjustable, and which can serve to control or limit the movement and/or position of components of the apparatus relative to one another.

[0052] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can facilitate the rotation and/or the movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure through a range of movement of from or as near as possible to zero degrees (0°) to as far as one hundred and eighty degrees (180°).

[0053] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can provide a range of motion from as near to zero degrees as possible to one hundred and eighty degrees.

[0054] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized by any individual regardless of their flexibility.

[0055] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can provide for an adjustable range of movement and/or the range of motion of the upper structure relative to the lower structure.

[0056] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized to strengthen, firm, tone and shape, the muscles in the back, the lower back and torso.

[0057] It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method which can be utilized for performing abdominal exercises, and/or for performing exercises for the muscles of the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles and/or muscle groups.

[0058] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized for exercising, strength training, rehabilitation, and/or for any other suitable purpose.

[0059] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized to exercise and strengthen the back muscles without causing axial loading and its negative effects.

[0060] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized to stabilize and/or to strengthen the entire axial skeleton.

[0061] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized to strengthen and to rehabilitate back muscles and other related muscles following an injury.

[0062] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can prevent hyper extending of the neck or head during use or exercise.

[0063] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be utilized to strengthen the back muscles so as to provide structural support for the spine and/or for the spinal column, thereby preventing and/or decreasing the incidence of back and spinal injuries.

[0064] It is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which is easy to use and which provides for controlled movements.

[0065] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can serve to ensure that exercises are performed correctly.

[0066] It is another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be economically produced. it is still another object of the present invention to provide an exercise apparatus and method which can be compact and/or portable.

[0067] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon a review of the Description of the Preferred Embodiment taken in conjunction with the Drawings which follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] In the Drawings:

[0069]FIG. 1 illustrates the apparatus of the present invention in a three-dimensional perspective view;

[0070]FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 1 from a side view perspective;

[0071]FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom view of the frame of the lower structure of the apparatus of FIG. 2;

[0072]FIG. 4 illustrates a top view of the frame of the upper structure of the apparatus of FIG. 2;

[0073]FIG. 5 illustrates a preferred embodiment resistance element which is utilized in conjunction with the apparatus of FIG. 2;

[0074] FIGS. 6A-6F illustrate a method of utilizing the apparatus of the present invention;

[0075]FIG. 7 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0076]FIG. 8 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0077]FIG. 9A illustrates the range of motion of the stopping elements of the apparatus of FIG. 8;

[0078]FIG. 9B illustrates the use of vertically adjustable stopping elements in conjunction with the apparatus of FIG. 8.

[0079]FIG. 10 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0080]FIG. 11 illustrates yet another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0081]FIG. 12 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 10 illustrating the range of movement of the leg support device utilized in conjunction therewith;

[0082]FIG. 13 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0083]FIG. 14 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 13 illustrating the range of movement of the foot support device utilized in conjunction therewith;

[0084]FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate the apparatus of FIG. 2 and the apparatus of FIG. 13, respectively, illustrating a headrest utilized in conjunction therewith.

[0085]FIG. 16 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0086]FIG. 17 illustrates still another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0087]FIG. 18 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0088] FIGS. 19A-19E illustrate another method of utilizing the apparatus of the present invention;

[0089]FIG. 20 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention which can be utilized in order to perform abdominal exercises and/or back exercises;

[0090]FIG. 21 illustrates still another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;

[0091]FIG. 22 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention; and

[0092]FIGS. 23A and 23B illustrate another preferred embodiment of the present invention which illustrate modified embodiments of FIGS. 18, 20 and 21.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0093] The present invention pertains to an exercise apparatus and method and, in particular, to an exercise apparatus and method for exercising the back and torso.

[0094] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in alternate preferred embodiments in order to exercise the abdominal muscles.

[0095] Applicant hereby incorporates by reference herein the subject matter and teachings of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/237,177 which teaches and discloses an exercise apparatus and method. Applicant also hereby incorporates by reference herein the subject matter and teachings of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/254,833 which teaches and discloses an exercise apparatus and method.

[0096]FIG. 1 illustrates the apparatus of the present invention in a three-dimensional perspective view. The apparatus is designated generally by the reference numeral 10. With reference to FIG. 1, the apparatus 10 includes Ha lower structure which is designated generally by the reference numeral 20.

[0097] The apparatus 10 also includes an upper structure which is designated generally by the reference numeral 30. The lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30 are rotatably connected to one another as shown in FIG. 1. The apparatus 10 also includes resistance elements 50 which are attached to the lower structure 20 and to the upper structure 30 so as to provide resistance in the rotation and/or movement of the upper structure 30 away from the lower structure 20 in a clockwise rotation of movement. The resistance elements are attached to both sides of the apparatus 10.

[0098]FIG. 2 illustrates the apparatus 10 from a side view. In the preferred embodiment, the lower structure includes a frame 21. In the preferred embodiment, the frame can be a tubular steel frame 21. The lower structure 20 also includes a padded seat 22 which is connected to the frame 21 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0099] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 21 and padded seat 22 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 21 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 21 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 22 when the seat 22 is attached to the frame 21.

[0100] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the seat 22 is attached to the frame 21 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 21 extending beyond the seat 22 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 21 which extend beyond the seat 22 are designated generally be the reference numeral 21A. The terminal ends of the rear extension portions 21A of the frame 21 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides as illustrated in FIG. 2. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the connecting the frame 31 of the upper structure 30 to the frame 21 of the lower structure as will be described in more detail below.

[0101] Each side of the rear extension portion 21A has holes designated by the reference number 21F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30.

[0102] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the lower structure 20 also includes leg structures 23 which are attached to each side of the frame 21. The leg structures 23 are shaped as shown in FIG. 2 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 23 are connected to the frame 21 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 23 serve to provide support for the apparatus 10 while elevating the seat 22 above the ground or floor.

[0103] The lower structure 20 also includes a stop mechanism 24 which is located and attached to bottom of the frame. The stop mechanism includes a stopping element 25 which is located to the rear of the seat portion 22 as shown. The stop mechanism 24 also includes a connecting rod 26 which is attached to the stopping element 25. The stop mechanism 24 also includes a handle 27 which is attached to the rod 26 and which extends beyond the front of the lower structure as shown in FIG. 2. The stop mechanism 24 and, in particular, the rod 26, is rotatably mounted to a center support element 21B of the frame 21. The center support element 21B extends beneath the seat 22 as shown.

[0104] The stop mechanism 24 is rotatably mounted to the center support element 21B of the frame 21 by mounting elements 28. The stop mechanism 24 serves to keep the upper structure 30 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 20 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 10 as will be described in more detail below. The upper structure 30 can be positioned at any suitable angle with respect to the lower structure 20. For example, with regards to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 2, the upper structure 30 can be positioned at any angle from zero degrees (0°) to any angle less ninety degrees (90°) so as to facilitate exercises from and between any desired range of motion.

[0105] The stop mechanism 24 serves to rotate the stopping element 25 from a vertically upright position, whereat it serves to stop or prevent a continued downward motion by the upper structure 30, and a horizontal position whereat the apparatus 10 can be utilized as will be described hereinbelow.

[0106] The handle 27 is utilized to rotate the stopping element 25. In the preferred embodiment, the handle 27 is positioned in a vertically upright position when the stopping element is positioned in the vertically upright manner. When the handle is rotated to a horizontal position, the stopping element 25 will also be rotated, via the rod 26, to a horizontal position. The mounting elements 28 can be any suitable device, element, or component(s) for facilitating the mounting and operation of the stop mechanism 24 as described herein.

[0107] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the lower structure also includes extension rods 29 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 21 as shown. The extension rods 29 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 21. The resistance elements 50 are attached to the extension rods 29 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0108] The lower structure 20 also includes handles 75 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 21 as shown. The handles 75 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with the sides of the frame 21 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 75 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 76 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0109]FIG. 3 illustrates a bottom view of the frame 21 of the lower structure 20. With reference to FIG. 3, the shape of the frame 21 is depicted as shown. The frame 21 includes three parallel structures, two peripheral structures 21C, the center support structure 21B, an end structure 21D located at the front of the seat 22, a cross member 21E located at the back of the seat 21 and the rear extended portions 21A. The extended portions 21A have holes 21F extending therethrough for facilitating a rotatable connection to the upper structure 30 as will be described in more detain hereinbelow.

[0110] The extension rods 29 are illustrated as extending from their respective peripheral structures 21C. The frame 21 also includes, in the preferred embodiment, the handles 75 and the formed gripping elements 76.

[0111] Each of the respective frame elements of the frame 21 can be constructed of any suitable material or materials, can be constructed of multiple pieces, or can be molded and/or produced as a single unit.

[0112] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the upper structure 30 includes a frame 31. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 31 can be a tubular steel frame. The upper structure 30 also includes a back pad 32 which is connected to the frame 31 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the frame 31 and back pad 32 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0113] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 32 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0114] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 31 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 31 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 32 when the back pad 32 is attached to the frame 31. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the back pad 32 is attached to the topmost portion of the frame 31 or at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 31 extending beyond the back pad 32 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 31 which extend beyond the back pad 32 are designated generally be the reference numeral 31A.

[0115] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the upper structure 30 also includes handle portions 33 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the frame 31. The handle portions 33 are connected to the frame 31 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 33 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 86 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0116] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 33 can be integrally formed into or with the frame 31. The handle portions 33 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 10 when exercising.

[0117] The upper structure 30 also includes a stop element 34 which is located at, or to, the rear of the back pad 32 an in between the extension portions 31A of the frame 31. The stop element 34 can be shaped or otherwise designed to receive the stopping element 25 of the lower structure 20 in order to effect the desired function of the stop mechanism 24. In the preferred embodiment, the stop element 34 can be made of any suitable material and can be attached to the frame 31 via any suitable attaching or connecting elements, materials, hardware, etc. (not shown). In another preferred embodiment, the stop element 34 can be integrally formed with the frame 31.

[0118] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the upper structure 30 also includes extension rods 35 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 31 as shown. The extension rods 35 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 31. The resistance elements 50 are attached to the extension rods 35 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0119]FIG. 4 illustrates a top view of the frame 31 of the upper structure 30. With reference to FIG. 4, the shape of the frame 31 is depicted as shown. The frame 31 includes two parallel side peripheral structures 31B, an end structure 31C located at the front or top of the back pad 32, a cross member 31D located at the lower portion or the back of the back pad 32 and the rear extended portions 31A. The extended portions 31A have holes 31E extended therethrough for facilitating a rotatable connection to the lower structure 20 as will be described in more detain hereinbelow. The extension rods 35 are illustrated as extending from their respective side peripheral structures 31B.

[0120] With reference once again to FIG. 4, the frame 31 also includes the stop element 34, which in the preferred embodiment, is connected to, and extends from the side peripheral structures 31B and the cross member 31D as shown. The frame elements of the frame 31 can be constructed of any suitable material or materials, can be constructed of multiple pieces, or can be molded and/or produced as a single unit.

[0121] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the apparatus 10 is constructed by connecting the rear terminal end of the frame 21 of the lower structure 20 with the rear terminal end of the frame 31 of the upper structure 30. This is accomplished by placing the extended portions 31A of the frame 31 into the open-ended section of the rear extension portions 21A until the respective holes 31E and 21F line up with one another. Thereafter, the frames 21 and 31 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 80 whereby the upper structure 30 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 20.

[0122] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 30 and the lower structure 20 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 21F and 31E and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 21F and 31E of the respective lower structure 20 and upper structure 30 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 21F and 31E can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 30 to the lower structure 20.

[0123] The resistance elements 50 which, in the preferred embodiment, are rubber bands or rubber band structures, which are typically found in exercise machines and/or equipment, and which can have predetermined resistances corresponding thereto and are applied in the following manner. FIG. 5 illustrates a preferred embodiment resistance element 50. With reference to FIG. 5, each resistance element 50 can be shaped, in the preferred embodiment, as shown. The resistance element 50 can have two end regions 51 with each end region 51 having a hole 52 therethrough as shown.

[0124] With reference once again to FIG. 2, the resistance elements 50 are attached to the apparatus 10 by attaching the holes 52 to the respective extension rods 29 and 35 on the respective frames 21 and 31 on each of the sides of the apparatus 10. Once the resistance elements 50 are placed on or over the rods 29 and 35, the resistance elements 50 can be secured by applying spring holding elements to the rods 29 and 35 so as to prevent the resistance elements from slipping off of the rods 29 and 35. The resistance elements 50 serve to provide resistance against the movement and/or the rotation of the upper structure 30 away from the lower structure 20.

[0125] The apparatus 10 can be utilized in order to perform exercises involving the back and torso. In a preferred embodiment method for utilizing the apparatus 10, an individual can perform back extension exercises for strengthening, firming, toning, or shaping, the muscles on the lower back and/or torso. FIGS. 6A through 6E illustrate a preferred method and manner of utilizing the apparatus 10.

[0126] With reference to FIG. 6A, the apparatus is shown in the unused position in which the stopping element prevents the downward movement of the upper structure 30. In FIG. 6B, the individual mounts the apparatus by sitting on the seat 22 with his back resting against the back pad as shown. The individual can place his or her back as far back on the seat 22 as desired. The resistance elements will maintain a sufficient bias against moving the upper structure 20 away from the lower structure 30 in a clockwise manner.

[0127] In FIG. 6C, the individual will move his back upwards and in a clockwise manner against the back pad 32 in order to raise the stop element 34 off of the stopping element 25. The individual can then rotate the handle 27 of the stop mechanism 24 from the vertical upright position to the horizontal position in order to rotate the stopping element 25 to the horizontal position. In this horizontal position, the stop mechanism will be disengaged and/or disarmed.

[0128] In FIG. 6D, the individual can thereafter lower his torso thereby causing the back pad 32 and the upper structure to rotate in a counter-clockwise manner under the biasing force of the resistance elements 50 so as to allow the individual to assume a starting exercise position from a desired position. Thereafter, the individual may move his back upwards and in a clockwise manner as shown in FIG. 6E, against the back pad 32 of the upper structure 30, and against the resistance of the resistance elements 50, so as to exercise his back and/or torso muscles against the resistance of the resistance elements 50.

[0129] The individual may move as far as he desires in the clockwise direction. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus 10 is designed so as to facilitate maximal extension which can be as close to a fully horizontally extended, or a 180°, position as possible. The resistance elements 50 can be selected so as to provide variable resistance during the range of motion.

[0130] The resistance elements 50 can also be selected so as to provide a constant level of resistance, or as nearly a constant level of resistance as possible, during the motion. Once the individual has reached the farthest point of extension desired, the individual can release his exertion and allow the biasing resistance of the resistance elements 50 to cause the upper structure to rotate counter-clockwise back towards the start position as shown in FIG. 6F.

[0131] Thereafter, the individual can repeat the above described exercise as desired. The individual can vary the range of motion of his extension as desired. The individual can also vary the resistance of the exercises by utilizing resistance elements 50 having different resistance levels.

[0132] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus can be equipped with fixed stopping elements. FIG. 7 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention which is designated generally by the reference numeral 100. In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 7, the apparatus 100, for the most part, includes the same elements as the apparatus 10 with the elements in common to both apparatuses 10 and 100 designated by the same respective reference numerals.

[0133] As shown in FIG. 7, the apparatus includes a lower structure 20, an upper structure 30 and the resistance elements 50. The lower structure 20 can include all of the components described above as being included in the lower structure 20 of the apparatus 10 of FIG. 2. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, however, the apparatus 100 includes fixed stopping elements 240 instead of the stop mechanism 24.

[0134] With reference once again to FIG. 7, the stopping elements are attached as shown to the frame 21 of the lower structure 20. The frame 31 of the upper structure includes stop elements 340 which rest against the stopping elements 240 in order to limit the downward range of motion of the upper structure 30.

[0135] In utilizing the apparatus 100 of FIG. 7, the individual can position himself and conduct his exercise movements so as to coincide with the range of motion limitation which is dictated by the stopping elements. In this manner, for example, the individual can position himself on the seat 22 so as to lift the back pad 32 upwardly causing the stop elements 340 to lift off of the stopping elements thereby creating a downward biasing force at the beginning of the exercise range of motion.

[0136] The apparatus 100 of the embodiment of FIG. 7 can be utilized in the same, a similar, and/or an analogous, manner as described hereinabove in conjunction with the apparatus 10 as described and illustrated in connection with FIGS. 6A through 6F.

[0137] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus can include pivotably moveable stopping elements. FIG. 8 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus 100 of FIG. 7. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the stopping elements 240 are pivotably connected to the frame 21 by means of pivot assembly 241. The pivot assembly 241 can include any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, washers, etc., for facilitating a pivotable connection or attachment of the stopping elements 240.

[0138] In another preferred embodiment of the apparatus 100 of FIG. 8, the stopping elements 240 and the corresponding stopping elements 340 of the upper structure can be designed in conjunction with one another to be adjustable so that the stopping elements 240 can be adjustable thereby facilitating adjustable stopping positions of same. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the stopping elements 240 can be rotated in either or both of the clockwise direction and/or the counter-clockwise direction.

[0139] In another preferred embodiment of FIG. 8, the stopping elements 240 can be vertically adjustable such as by having adjustment holes located in the stopping elements 240 which can be utilized in order to adjust the vertical height of the stopping elements.

[0140]FIG. 9A illustrates the range of motion of the stopping elements 240. As illustrated in FIG. 9A, the stopping elements 240 can be rotated through or to any desired position as long as the stopping elements 240 are positioned so as not to prevent or impede any downward movement of the upper structure 30 or the stop elements 340 thereon in the counter clockwise direction.

[0141]FIG. 9B illustrates the use of vertically adjustable stopping elements. In FIG. 9B, the vertical height of the stopping element can be adjusted by removing the stopping element 240 from the frame 21 and reattaching same to the frame 21 via any of the desired vertically disposed holes in the stopping element 240 as shown. Hardware such as bolts and nuts, and/or any other appropriate devices and/or mechanisms, can be utilized in order to attach the stopping elements 240 to the frame 21.

[0142] The apparatus 100 of FIG. 8 can be utilized in the same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the apparatus 10 as described in conjunction with FIGS. 6A through 6F. When utilizing the apparatus 100 of FIG. 8, however, the individual, after mounting the apparatus 100 and pushing his back upwards thereby pushing the stopping elements 340 away from contact with the stop elements 240, can thereafter manually rotate the stopping elements 240 in any desired direction so as to allow use of the apparatus 100 as described in conjunction with the apparatus 10 of FIGS. 6A through 6F.

[0143] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus of the present invention can be utilized in conjunction with a stopping mechanism which is located at the point of connection of the respective end portions of the lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30. FIG. 10 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention which utilizes a stopping mechanism 290 at the point of connection of the lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30.

[0144]FIG. 10 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 8 with the stopping mechanism 290 located at the point of connection of the lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30. While FIG. 10 illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 8 as being modified with the stopping mechanism 290, the stopping mechanism 290 of FIG. 10 can also be utilized in the same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, with any of the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2, 7, 11, 12, 13 and/or 14, and/or in conjunction with any other embodiment of the present invention.

[0145] The stopping mechanism 290 can also be utilized in conjunction with, and/or can be integrated with, the pivot device 80.

[0146] With reference to FIG. 10, the respective end portions of the lower structure 20 and the upper structure 30 are pivotably connected, on each of the respective sides, with stopping mechanism 290. The end portions of the upper structure 30 and the lower structure 20 can be connected with the stopping mechanism 290 via any suitable hardware and/or via any suitable method.

[0147] The stopping mechanism 290 can be utilized in order to fix and/or maintain a desired angular position of the upper structure 30 relative to the lower structure 20, which can be adjustable. The stopping mechanism 290 can be of a cam and pin type or variety and/or of a bracket and pin type or variety, which is known to those skilled in the art of exercise equipment, or which can be of any other suitable type or variety for accomplishing the desired function.

[0148] In the embodiment of FIG. 10 as well as any of the other embodiments described herein, the resistance elements 50 can be selected so as to control the point or location from which a resistance and/or a biasing resistance and/or force can be commenced and/or instituted. For example, a set of resistance elements 50 can include a resistance of a pre-selected length so as to control the application of resistance from any desired starting angle.

[0149] The apparatus of FIG. 10 provides an exercise apparatus which can have fixed stop positions, for maintaining a desired angular positioning of the upper structure 30 relative to the lower structure 20. The fixed stop positions can also be changed and/or adjusted, as desired.

[0150] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus of the present invention can include a leg support device for restricting leg and/or knee movement. FIG. 11 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 wherein the apparatus 10 has a leg support device 60. With reference to FIG. 11, the leg support device 60 is pivotably connected to the front portion of the frame 21 and/or to the end structure 21D of the frame 21.

[0151] The leg support device 60 is connected to the frame 21 and/or the end structure 21D via any suitable mounting device 66 or mounting elements 66 and/or any suitable hardware, mounting brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, etc. suitable mounting device and mounting hardware. FIG. 12 illustrates the apparatus 10 of FIG. 11 showing the range of motion of the leg support device 60. The leg support device 60 can be rotated between position A (the non-use position) and position B (the in-use position) as illustrated in FIG. 12.

[0152] The apparatus of FIGS. 11 and 12 can be utilized in the following manner. The individual can mount the apparatus 10 with the leg support device 60 located at position A. Once situated on the apparatus 10, the individual can rotate the leg support device 60 to position B while situating and/or positioning his legs and/or knees under same. In this manner, the leg support device 60 can prevent the upward movement of the legs or knees during the subsequent exercise routine.

[0153] Thereafter, the individual can utilize the apparatus 10 in any appropriate manner as described herein. In this manner, the leg support device 60 can prevent the upward movement of the individual's legs or knees while the individual is utilizing the apparatus 10.

[0154] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus of the present invention can be designed to rest on a floor. FIG. 13 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus of FIG. 13 is designated generally by the reference numeral 500. With reference to FIG. 13, the apparatus 500 includes a lower structure 410, an upper structure 510, and resistance elements 150.

[0155] The lower structure 410 can include all of the components described herein as being included with the lower structure 20 of FIG. 2 with the exception of the legs and the stop mechanism which is located beneath the frame of the apparatus 10. The upper structure 510 can include all of the components of the support structure 30. The resistance elements 150 can be the same as or similar to the resistance elements 50.

[0156] The apparatus 500 of FIG. 13, as well as any of the other embodiments of the present invention, can also include any one or more of a headrest (not shown), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), on the back pad 522 or upper structure 510 if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0157] In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 13, the lower structure 410, the frame 421 and the seat 422 of the apparatus 500 of FIG. 13, is longer in length than the corresponding lower structure 20 of the apparatus 10 of FIG. 2. The longer lower structure 410 facilitates an individual sitting on the seat 422 with his or her legs fully extended.

[0158] The apparatus 500 also includes a foot support device 470 which is attached to the end of the frame 421 via any suitable mounting device 475 or mounting elements 475 and/or any suitable hardware, mounting brackets, bolts, nuts, washers, etc. The foot support device 470 can be fixed in the upright position as illustrated in FIG. 13 and/or can be pivotally mounted so as to have a range of motion as illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 14.

[0159] The apparatus 500 can also include any of the stopping elements described herein as being utilized in any and/or all of the embodiments described herein.

[0160] The apparatus 500 can be utilized in the following manner. The individual can mount the lower structure 410 with his or her legs fully extended. The individual can then place his or her feet underneath the foot support device 470. Thereafter, the individual can, if utilized, release the respective stopping elements and utilize the apparatus 500 as described herein with regards to any and/or all of the embodiments described herein.

[0161] In any of the herein-described embodiments, the apparatus of the present invention can include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad(s), a neck pad(s), a neck brace(s), padding, safety equipment, and/or any other equipment for providing safety or comfort for the individual utilizing the apparatus.

[0162]FIGS. 15A and 15B illustrate the apparatus 10 of FIG. 2 and the apparatus 500 of FIG. 13, respectively. With reference to FIG. 15A, the apparatus 10 includes a headrest 95 which is attached to the upper structure 30. The headrest 95, in the preferred embodiment of FIG. 15A, can be attached and/or can be connected to the frame 31 and/or to the back pad 32, in any appropriate manner and by utilizing any appropriate hardware or attachment devices.

[0163] With reference to FIG. 15B, the apparatus 500 includes a headrest 295 which is attached to the upper structure 510. The headrest 295, in the preferred embodiment of FIG. 15B, can be attached and/or can be connected to the frame 521 and/or to the back pad 522, in any appropriate manner and by utilizing any appropriate hardware or attachment devices.

[0164] In the embodiments of FIGS. 15A and 15B, the respective headrests 95 and 295 can be adjustable. In this manner, the respective headrests can be adjustable in height and/or in angular positioning.

[0165]FIG. 16 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, from a side view. In the embodiment of FIG. 16, the apparatus is designated generally by the reference numeral 600.

[0166] With reference to FIG. 16, the apparatus 600 includes a lower structure 620. The lower structure 620 includes a frame 621. The frame 621 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 21 of FIG. 3. In the preferred embodiment, the frame can be a tubular steel frame 21. The lower structure 620 also includes a padded seat 622 which is connected to the frame 621 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0167] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 621 and padded seat 622 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 621 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 621 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 622 when the seat 622 is attached to the frame 621.

[0168] As illustrated in FIG. 16, the seat 622 is attached to the frame 621 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 621 extending beyond the seat 622 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 621 which extend beyond the seat 622 are designated generally be the reference numeral 621A. The rear extension portions 621A of the frame 621 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides at least in the area or location at which the upper frame 631 is connected to the lower frame 621. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the pivotable connection of the frame 631 of the upper structure 630 to the frame 621 of the lower structure 620 while allowing for the requisite movement and/or rotation of the upper frame 631 relative to the lower frame 621.

[0169] Each peripheral side of the rear extension portion 621A has holes designated by the reference number 621F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower frame 621 of the lower structure 620 and the upper frame 631 of the upper structure 630.

[0170] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the lower structure 620 also includes leg structures 623 which are attached to each side of the frame 621. The leg structures 623 are shaped as shown in FIG. 16 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 623 are connected to the frame 621 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 623 serve to provide support for the apparatus 600 while elevating the seat 622 above the ground or floor.

[0171] The lower structure 620 can also include any appropriate stopping mechanism (not shown), if desired. The stopping mechanism which can be utilized can be any of the herein-described stopping mechanisms and/or can be any other suitable or appropriate mechanism(s) or device(s) for keeping the upper structure 630 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 620 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 600 as will be described in more detail below.

[0172] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the lower structure 620 also includes extension rods 629 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 621 as shown. The extension rods 629 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 621. The resistance elements 650 are attached to the extension rods 629 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0173] The lower structure 620 also includes handles 675 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 621 as shown. The handles 675 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with the sides of the frame 621 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 675 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 676 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0174] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the upper structure 630 includes a frame 631. The frame 631 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 31 of FIG. 4. The frame 631 is shaped so as to have extended end portions 631A which extend at an angle from, or in related to, the main portion of the frame, which main portion is designated by the reference numeral 631B. In this manner, the frame 631 has extended end portions 631A which extend at an angle in relation to the main portion of the frame 631B. The frame 631 can be constructed and/or manufactured so that the extended end portions 631A can extend from the main portion 631B at any suitable angle. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 631 can be made or constructed from tubular steel. The frame 631 can be an integral unit or can be constructed from individual pieces or sections.

[0175] The frame 631 can also have, at the end regions of the extended end portions 631A thereof, holes therethrough for pivotably connecting the frame 631 of the upper structure 630 to the extended portions 621A of the frame 621 of the lower structure 620.

[0176] The upper structure 630 also includes a back pad 632 which is connected to the frame 631 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the frame 631 and back pad 632 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0177] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 632 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0178] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 631 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 631 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 632 when the back pad 632 is attached to the frame 631. As illustrated in FIG. 16, the back pad 632 is attached to the topmost portion of the frame 631 or at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 631 extending beyond the back pad 632 as shown.

[0179] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the upper structure 630 also includes handle portions 633 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the frame 631. The handle portions 633 are connected to the frame 631 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 633 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 686 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0180] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 633 can be integrally formed into or with the frame 631. The handle portions 633 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 600 when exercising.

[0181] The upper structure 630 can also include an appropriate stop element (not shown) which can be any of the herein-described stopping elements, described as being utilized in conjunction with the upper structure.

[0182] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the upper structure 630 also includes extension rods 635 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 631 as shown. The extension rods 635 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 631. The resistance elements 650 are attached to the extension rods 635 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0183] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the apparatus 600 is constructed by connecting the rear terminal end of the frame 621 of the lower structure 620 with the rear terminal end of the angled extended end portions 631A of the frame 631. This can be accomplished by placing the end portions of the angled extended end portions 631A of the frame 631 into the open-ended section of the rear extension portions 621A until the respective holes 631E and 621F line up with one another. Thereafter, the frames 621 and 631 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 680 whereby the upper structure 630 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 620.

[0184] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 630 and the lower structure 620 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 621F and 631E and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 621F and 631E of the respective lower structure 620 and upper structure 630 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 621F and 631E can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 630 to the lower structure 620.

[0185] The resistance elements 650 which are utilized can be rubber bands or rubber band structures which are described as being utilized in any of the herein-described embodiments.

[0186] With reference once again to FIG. 16, the resistance elements 650 are attached to the apparatus 600 by attaching same to the respective extension rods 629 and 635 on the respective frames 621 and 631 on each of the sides of the apparatus 600 as described herein in conjunction with any of the other embodiments described herein. Once the resistance elements 650 are placed on or over the rods 629 and 635, the resistance elements 650 can be secured by applying spring holding elements to the rods 629 and 635 so as to prevent the resistance elements from slipping off of the rods 629 and 635.

[0187] The apparatus 600 can be utilized in the same manner and/or in a similar manner as described herein with reference to FIGS. 6A through 6F and/or in any other appropriate manner.

[0188]FIG. 17 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, from a side view. In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the apparatus is designated generally by the reference numeral 700.

[0189] With reference to FIG. 17, the apparatus 700 includes a lower structure 720. The lower structure 720 includes a frame 721. The frame 721 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 21 of FIG. 4. In the embodiment of FIG. 17, the frame 721 includes, near the rear region thereof, upwardly extending portions 721A as shown. The extending portions 721A, in the preferred embodiment extend angularly upwards. The extending portions 721A can be an integral part of the frame 721 or can be connected thereto in any appropriate manner. The extending portions 721A can be placed at any suitable and/or appropriate angle relative to the main portion of the frame 721 which frame main portion is designated by the reference numeral 721B.

[0190] The extending portions 721A of the frame 721 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides at least in the area or location at which the upper frame 731 is connected to the lower frame 721. The open top or open side configuration facilitates connecting the frame 731 of the upper structure 730 to the extending portions 721A of the frame 721 of the lower structure 720. Each peripheral side of the extending portions 721A has holes designated by the reference number 721F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower structure 720 and the upper structure 730. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the pivotable connection of the frame 731 of the upper structure 730 to the frame 721 of the lower structure 720 while allowing for the requisite movement and/or rotation of the upper frame 731 relative to the lower frame 721.

[0191] In the preferred embodiment, the frame can be a tubular steel frame 721. The lower structure 720 also includes a padded seat 722 which is connected to the frame 721 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0192] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 721 and padded seat 722 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 721 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 721 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 722 when the seat 722 is attached to the frame 721.

[0193] As illustrated in FIG. 17, the seat 722 is attached to the frame 721 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 721 extending beyond the seat 722 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 721 which extend beyond the seat 722 are designated generally be the reference numeral 721C.

[0194] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the lower structure 720 also includes leg structures 723 which are attached to each side of the frame 721. The leg structures 723 are shaped as shown in FIG. 17 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 723 are connected to the frame 721 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 723 serve to provide support for the apparatus 700 while elevating the seat 722 above the ground or floor.

[0195] The lower structure also includes a support members 721D which are connected, via suitable hardware (not shown), to the extending portions 721A and to the leg structures 723 on each side of the apparatus 700. The support members serve to provide structure support for the extended portions 721D and for the apparatus 700.

[0196] The lower structure 720 can also include any appropriate stopping mechanism (not shown), if desired. The stopping mechanism which can be utilized can be any of the herein-described stopping mechanisms and/or can be any other suitable or appropriate mechanism(s) or device(s) for keeping the upper structure 730 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 720 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 700.

[0197] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the lower structure 720 also includes extension rods 729 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 721 as shown. The extension rods 729 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 721. The resistance elements 750 are attached to the extension rods 729 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0198] The lower structure 720 also includes handles 775 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 721 as shown. The handles 775 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with the sides of the frame 721 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 775 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 776 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0199] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the upper structure 730 includes a frame 731. The frame 731 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 31 of FIG. 4. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 731 can be made or constructed from tubular steel. The frame 731 can also have, at the end regions thereof, holes therethrough for pivotably connecting the frame 731 of the upper structure 730 to the extended portions 721A of the frame 721 of the lower structure 720.

[0200] The upper structure 730 also includes a back pad 732 which is connected to the frame 731 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the frame 731 and back pad 732 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0201] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 732 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0202] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 731 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 731 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 732 when the back pad 732 is attached to the frame 731. As illustrated in FIG. 17, the back pad 732 is attached to the topmost portion of the frame 731 or at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 731 extending beyond the back pad 732 as shown.

[0203] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the upper structure 730 also includes handle portions 733 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the frame 731. The handle portions 733 are connected to the frame 731 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 733 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 786 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0204] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 733 can be integrally formed into or with the frame 731. The handle portions 733 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 700 when exercising.

[0205] The upper structure 730 can also include an appropriate stop element (not shown) which can be any of the herein-described stopping elements, described as being utilized in conjunction with the upper structure.

[0206] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the upper structure 730 also includes extension rods 735 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 731 as shown. The extension rods 735 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 731. The resistance elements 750 are attached to the extension rods 735 as will be described in more detail hereinbelow.

[0207] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the apparatus 700 is constructed by connecting the extended portion 721A of the frame 721 of the lower structure 720 with the rear portion of the frame 731. This can be accomplished by placing the end portions of the frame 731 into the open-ended section of the extended portions 721A of the frame 721 until the respective holes 731E and 721F line up with one another. Thereafter, the frames 721 and 731 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 780 whereby the upper structure 730 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 720.

[0208] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 730 and the lower structure 720 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 721F and 731E and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 721F and 731E of the respective lower structure 720 and upper structure 730 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 721F and 731E can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 730 to the lower structure 720.

[0209] The resistance elements 750 which are utilized can be rubber bands or rubber band structures which are described as being utilized in any of the herein-described embodiments.

[0210] With reference once again to FIG. 17, the resistance elements 750 are attached to the apparatus 700 by attaching same to the respective extension rods 729 and 735 on the respective frames 721 and 731 on each of the sides of the apparatus 700 as described herein in conjunction with any of the other embodiments described herein. Once the resistance elements 750 are placed on or over the rods 729 and 735, the resistance elements 750 can be secured by applying spring holding elements to the rods 729 and 735 so as to prevent the resistance elements from slipping off of the rods 729 and 735.

[0211] The apparatus 700 can be utilized in the same manner and/or in a similar manner as described herein with reference to FIGS. 6A through 6F and/or in any other appropriate manner.

[0212] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus of the present invention can be modified in order to facilitate its use for performing abdominal exercises, and/or for performing exercises for the muscles of the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles and/or muscle groups. FIG. 18 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, from a side view. The apparatus of FIG. 18 is designated generally by the reference numeral 800.

[0213] With reference to FIG. 18, the apparatus 800 includes a lower structure 820. The lower structure 820 includes a frame 821. The frame 821 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 21 of FIG. 3. In the preferred embodiment, the frame can be a tubular steel frame 821. The lower structure 820 also includes a padded seat 822 which is connected to the frame 821 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0214] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 821 and padded seat 822 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 821 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 821 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 822 when the seat 822 is attached to the frame 821.

[0215] As illustrated in FIG. 18, the seat 822 is attached to the frame 821 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 821 extending beyond the seat 822 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 821 which extend beyond the seat 822 are designated generally be the reference numeral 821A. The rear extension portions 821A of the frame 821 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides at least in the area or location at which the upper frame 831 is connected to the lower frame 821. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the pivotable connection of the frame 831 of the upper structure 830 to the frame 821 of the lower structure 820 while allowing for the requisite movement and/or rotation of the upper frame 831 relative to the lower frame 821.

[0216] Each peripheral side of the rear extension portion 821A has holes designated by the reference number 821F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower frame 821 of the lower structure 820 and the upper frame 831 of the upper structure 830.

[0217] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the lower structure 820 also includes leg structures 823 which are attached to each side of the frame 821. The leg structures 823 are shaped as shown in FIG. 18 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 823 are connected to the frame 821 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 823 serve to provide support for the apparatus 800 while elevating the seat 822 above the ground or floor.

[0218] The lower structure 820 can also include any appropriate stopping mechanism (not shown), if desired. The stopping mechanism which can be utilized can be any of the herein-described stopping mechanisms and/or can be any other suitable or appropriate mechanism(s) or device(s) for keeping the upper structure 830 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 820 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 800 as will be described in more detail below.

[0219] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the lower structure 820 also includes extension rods 829 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 821 as shown. The extension rods 829 can be integrally formed into the sides of the frame 821. The lower structure 820 also includes extension rods 823A which are located on the peripheral sides of the leg structures 823 as shown. The extension rods 823A can also be integrally formed into the sides of the leg structures 823.

[0220] In the embodiment of FIG. 18, the resistance elements 850 are attached to the extension rods 823A as will be described in more detail hereinbelow. The attachment to, and utilization of, the resistance elements 850 in conjunction with the extension rods 823A facilitates use of the apparatus 800 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups.

[0221] The apparatus 800 can also utilized for performing exercises for the back muscles by attaching the resistance elements 850 to the to the extension rods 829. In this manner, the apparatus 800 of FIG. 18 can be utilized for performing exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups, and can be modified and/or adjusted in order to be utilized in order to perform exercises for the muscles in the back, the lower back, and/or the torso.

[0222] The lower structure 820 also includes handles 875 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 821 as shown. The handles 875 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with the sides of the frame 821 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 875 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 876 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0223] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the upper structure 830 includes a frame 831. The frame 831 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 31 of FIG. 4. The frame 831 is shaped so as to have extended portions 831A which extend at an angle from, or in relation to, the main portion of the frame, which main portion is designated by the reference numeral 831B.

[0224] The frame also includes a rear extended portions 831C which extend beyond the extended portions 831A as shown in FIG. 18. In this manner, the frame 831 has extended portions 831A which extend at an angle in relation to the main portion of the frame 831B as well as rear extended portions 831C. The frame 831 can be constructed and/or manufactured so that the extended end portions 831A can extend from the main portion 831B at any suitable angle. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 831 can be made or constructed from tubular steel. The frame 831 can be an integral unit or can be constructed from individual pieces or sections.

[0225] The frame 831 can also have, at the end regions of the extended end portions 831A thereof, holes 831F therethrough for pivotably connecting the frame 831 of the upper structure 830 to the lower frame 821 of the lower structure 820.

[0226] The upper structure 830 also includes a back pad 832 which is connected to the frame 831 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the frame 831 and back pad 832 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0227] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 832 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0228] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 831 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 831 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 832 when the back pad 832 is attached to the frame 831. As illustrated in FIG. 18, the back pad 832 is attached to the topmost portion of the frame 831 or at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 831 extending beyond the back pad 832 as shown.

[0229] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the upper structure 830 also includes handle portions 833 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the frame 831. The handle portions 833 are connected to the frame 831 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 833 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 886 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0230] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 833 can be integrally formed into or with the frame 831. The handle portions 833 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 800 when exercising.

[0231] The upper structure 830 can also include an appropriate stop element (not shown) which can be any of the herein-described stopping elements, described as being utilized in conjunction with the upper structure.

[0232] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the upper structure 830 also includes extension rods 835 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 831 as shown. The extension rods 835 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 831. The resistance elements 850 can be attached to the extension rods 835 in order to facilitate use of the apparatus 800 for performing back exercises.

[0233] The rear extended portions 831C of the frame 831 also have connected thereto and/or formed integrally therewith, extension rods 831D on the peripheral sides thereof. In the embodiment of FIG. 18, the resistance elements 850 are attached to the extension rods 831D as will be described in more detail hereinbelow. The attachment to, and utilization of, the resistance elements 850 in conjunction with the extension rods 831D facilitates use of the apparatus 800 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups.

[0234] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the apparatus 800 is constructed by connecting the rear terminal end of the frame 821 of the lower structure 820 with the rear terminal end of the angled extended end portions 831A of the frame 831. This can be accomplished by placing the end portions of the angled extended end portions 831A of the frame 831 into the open-ended section of the rear extension portions 821A until the respective holes 831E and 821F line up with one another. Thereafter, the frames 821 and 831 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 880 whereby the upper structure 830 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 820.

[0235] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 830 and the lower structure 820 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 821F and 831E and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 821F and 831E of the respective lower structure 820 and upper structure 830 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 821F and 831E can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 830 to the lower structure 820.

[0236] The resistance elements 850 which are utilized can be rubber bands or rubber band structures which are described as being utilized in any of the herein-described embodiments.

[0237] With reference once again to FIG. 18, the resistance elements 850 are attached to the apparatus 800 by attaching same to the respective extension rods 823A and 831D on the respective frames 821 and 831 on each of the sides of the apparatus 800 as described herein in conjunction with any of the other embodiments described herein. Once the resistance elements 850 are placed on or over the rods 823A and 831D, the resistance elements 850 can be secured by applying spring holding elements to the rods 823A and 831D so as to prevent the resistance elements from slipping off of the rods 823A and 831D.

[0238]FIGS. 19A through 19E illustrate a preferred embodiment method for utilizing the apparatus 800 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups. With reference to FIGS. 19A through 19E, the apparatus 800 can be utilized to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups, in the following manner.

[0239] With reference to FIG. 19A, the apparatus 800 is shown in the unused position in which the stopping element (not shown) or the resistance element 850 prevents the downward movement of the upper structure 830. In FIG. 19B, the individual mounts the apparatus by sitting on the seat 822 with his back resting against the back pad as shown. The individual can place himself or herself in any desired position on the seat 822, depending upon the individual and/or the type of workout which is desired. The resistance elements 850 can maintain a sufficient bias against moving the upper structure 820 towards the lower structure 830 in a counter-clockwise manner.

[0240] In FIG. 19C, the individual will grasp the handles 833 and move or rotate his torso in a crunch-like, against the biasing forces or resistance of the resistance elements 850, thereby causing the upper structure 830 to rotate from the starting position towards the lower structure in a counter-clockwise manner, thereby exercising the individual's abdominal muscles and/or the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups. The individual can move or rotate his or her abdomen or torso until the upper structure 830 reaches any desired position relative to the lower structure 820.

[0241] In FIG. 19D, the individual can thereafter relax his or her abdomen, torso, or upper body, and/or any of the respective muscles or muscle groups and allow the upper structure 830 to rotate back towards the starting position under the biasing force of the resistance elements 850.

[0242] In FIG. 19E, the upper structure 830 is shown at the starting position, thereby completing an exercise movement and/or repetition. Thereafter, the above-described exercise movement can be repeated as desired.

[0243] In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus 800 is designed so as to facilitate a maximal degree of movement of the upper structure 830, and the individual, downwards towards the lower structure 820. The resistance elements 850 can be selected so as to provide variable resistance during the range of motion. The sizes of the resistance elements can also be selected so as to select any desired starting angle between the upper structure 830 and the lower structure 820.

[0244] For example, a small or short resistance element 850 can result in the upper structure 830 being located at a starting position, having a relatively larger angle between the upper structure 830 and the lower structure 820. In an similar manner, a larger or longer resistance element 850 can result in the upper structure 830 being located at a starting position, having a relatively smaller angle between the upper structure 830 and the lower structure 820.

[0245] The size(s) and/or resistance level(s) of the resistance elements 850 can also be selected to as to vary the kind or level of the workout. The resistance elements 850 can also be selected so as to provide a constant level of resistance, or as nearly a constant level of resistance as possible, during the motion. Once the individual has reached the lowest point of movement desired, the individual can relax his or her abdominal muscles, torso, and/or upper body, and allow the biasing resistance of the resistance elements 850 to cause the upper structure 830 to rotate back towards the starting position as shown in FIG. 19E.

[0246] Thereafter, the individual can repeat the above described exercise as desired. The individual can vary the range of motion of his or her downward movement as desired. The individual can also vary the resistance of the exercises by utilizing resistance elements 850 having different resistance levels.

[0247]FIG. 20 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, which can be utilized in order to perform abdominal exercises and/or back exercises, from a side view. In the embodiment of FIG. 20, the apparatus is designated generally by the reference numeral 900.

[0248] With reference to FIG. 20, the apparatus 900 includes a lower structure 920. The lower structure 920 includes a frame 921. The frame 921 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 21 of FIG. 3. In the embodiment of FIG. 20, the frame 921 includes, near the rear region thereof, upwardly extending portions 921A as shown. The extending portions 921A, in the preferred embodiment extend angularly upwards. The extending portions 921A can be an integral part of the frame 921 or can be connected thereto in any appropriate manner. The extending portions 921A can be placed at any suitable and/or appropriate angle relative to the main portion of the frame 921 which frame main portion is designated by the reference numeral 921B.

[0249] The extending portions 921A of the frame 921 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides at least in the area or location at which the upper frame 931 is connected to the lower frame 921. The open top or open side configuration facilitates connecting the frame 931 of the upper structure 930 to the extending portions 921A of the frame 921 of the lower structure 920. Each peripheral side of the extending portions 921A has holes designated by the reference number 921F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower structure 920 and the upper structure 930. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the pivotable connection of the frame 931 of the upper structure 930 to the frame 921 of the lower structure 920 while allowing for the requisite movement and/or rotation of the upper frame 931 relative to the lower frame 921.

[0250] The lower structure 920 also includes a padded seat 922 which is connected to the frame 921 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0251] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 921 and padded seat 922 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 921 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 921 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 922 when the seat 922 is attached to the frame 921.

[0252] As illustrated in FIG. 20, the seat 922 is attached to the frame 921 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 921 extending beyond the seat 922 as shown.

[0253] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the lower structure 920 also includes leg structures 923 which are attached to each side of the frame 921. The leg structures 923 are shaped as shown in FIG. 20 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 923 are connected to the frame 921 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 923 serve to provide support for the apparatus 900 while elevating the seat 922 above the ground or floor.

[0254] The lower structure 920 also includes a support members 921D which are connected, via suitable hardware (not shown), to the extending portions 921A and to the leg structures 923 on each side of the apparatus 900. The support members serve to provide structure support for the extended portions 921D and for the apparatus 900.

[0255] The lower structure 920 can also include any appropriate stopping mechanism (not shown), if desired. The stopping mechanism which can be utilized can be any of the herein-described stopping mechanisms and/or can be any other suitable or appropriate mechanism(s) or device(s) for keeping the upper structure 930 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 920 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 900 as will be described in more detail below.

[0256] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the lower structure 920 also includes extension rods 929 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 921 as shown. The extension rods 929 can be integrally formed into the sides of the frame 921. The lower structure 920 also includes extension rods 923A which are located on the peripheral sides of the leg structures 923 as shown. The extension rods 923A can also be integrally formed into the sides of the leg structures 923.

[0257] In the embodiment of FIG. 20, the resistance elements 950 are attached to the extension rods 923A as will be described in more detail hereinbelow. The attachment to, and utilization of, the resistance elements 950 in conjunction with the extension rods 923A facilitates use of the apparatus 900 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups.

[0258] The apparatus 900 can also utilized for performing exercises for the back muscles by attaching the resistance elements 950 to the to the extension rods 929. In this manner, the apparatus 900 of FIG. 20 can be utilized for performing exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups, and can be modified and/or adjusted in order to be utilized in order to perform exercises for the muscles in the back, the lower back, and/or the torso.

[0259] The lower structure 920 also includes handles 975 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 921 as shown. The handles 975 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with the sides of the frame 921 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 975 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 976 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0260] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the apparatus 900 also includes an upper structure 930. The upper structure 930 includes a frame 931. The frame 931 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 31 of FIG. 4.

[0261] The frame 931 can also have, at the end regions thereof, holes 931E therethrough for facilitating the pivotal connection of the frame 931 of the upper structure 930 to the extended portions 921A of the frame 921 of the lower structure 920. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 931 can be made or constructed from tubular steel. The frame 931 can be an integral unit or can be constructed from individual pieces or sections. The frame 931 also includes a rear extended portions 931C, as shown.

[0262] The upper structure 930 also includes a back pad 932 which is connected to the frame 931 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the frame 931 and back pad 932 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0263] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 932 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrests), head pad(s), neck pad(s)f and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0264] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 931 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 931 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 932 when the back pad 932 is attached to the frame 931. As illustrated in FIG. 20, the back pad 932 is attached to the topmost portion of the frame 931 or at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 931 extending beyond the back pad 932 as shown.

[0265] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the upper structure 930 also includes handle portions 933 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the frame 931. The handle portions 933 are connected to the frame 931 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 933 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 986 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0266] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 933 can be integrally formed into or with the frame 931. The handle portions 933 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 900 when exercising.

[0267] The upper structure 930 can also include an appropriate stop element (not shown) which can be any of the herein-described stopping elements, described as being utilized in conjunction with the upper structure.

[0268] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the upper frame 931 also includes extension rods 935 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 931 as shown. The extension rods 935 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 931. The resistance elements 950 can be attached to the extension rods 935 in order to facilitate use of the apparatus 900 for performing back exercises. The upper frame 931 can also have connected thereto and/or formed integrally therewith, at or on the rear extended portions 931C thereof, extension rods 931D on the peripheral sides thereof.

[0269] In the embodiment of FIG. 20, the resistance elements 950 are attached to the extension rods 931D as will be described in more detail hereinbelow. The attachment to, and utilization of, the resistance elements 950 in conjunction with the extension rods 931D facilitates use of the apparatus 900 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups.

[0270] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the apparatus 900 is constructed by connecting the upper frame 931 of the upper structure 930 to the extending portions 921A of the lower frame 921 of the lower structure 920. This can be accomplished by placing the end portions of the frame 931 into the open-ended section of the extending portions 921A until the respective holes 931E and 921F line up with one another. Thereafter, the frames 921 and 931 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 980 whereby the upper structure 930 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 920.

[0271] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 930 and the lower structure 920 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 921F and 931E and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 921F and 931E of the respective lower structure 920 and upper structure 930 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 921F and 931E can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 930 to the lower structure 920.

[0272] The resistance elements 950 which are utilized can be rubber bands or rubber band structures which are described as being utilized in any of the herein-described embodiments.

[0273] With reference once again to FIG. 20, the resistance elements 950 are attached to the apparatus 900 by attaching same to the respective extension rods 923A and 931D on the respective frames 921 and 931 on each of the sides of the apparatus 900 as described herein in conjunction with any of the other embodiments described herein. Once the resistance elements 950 are placed on or over the rods 923A and 931D, the resistance elements 950 can be secured by applying spring holding elements (not shown) to the rods 923A and 931D so as to prevent the resistance elements from slipping off of the rods 923A and 931D.

[0274] The apparatus 900 of FIG. 20 can be utilized in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous, manner as described in conjunction with FIGS. 19A through 19E.

[0275] In another preferred embodiment, the apparatus of any and/or all of the herein-described embodiments can be modified so as to incorporate an upper structure adjustment device in the upper structure of the respective apparatus. The upper structure adjustment device can be utilized so as to adjust and/or to vary the position of a portion of the respective upper structure.

[0276]FIG. 21 illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention which incorporates an upper structure adjustment device in the upper structure for facilitating the adjustment and/or the varying of a portion of the upper structure. The apparatus of FIG. 21 is designated generally by the reference numeral 1000.

[0277] With reference to FIG. 21, the apparatus 1000 includes a lower structure 1020. The lower structure 1020 includes a frame 1021. The frame 1021 can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 21 of FIG. 3. In the preferred embodiment, the frame can be a tubular steel frame 1021. The lower structure 1020 also includes a padded seat 1022 which is connected to the frame 1021 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown).

[0278] In the preferred embodiment, the frame 1021 and padded seat 1022 are sized such the frame is wider than the padded seat. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the seat. In another preferred embodiment, the frame 1021 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 1021 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the seat 1022 when the seat 1022 is attached to the frame 1021.

[0279] As illustrated in FIG. 21, the seat 1022 is attached to the frame 1021 at the front portion thereof, with the rear portion of the frame 1021 extending beyond the seat 1022 as shown. The rear extended portions of the frame 1021 which extend beyond the seat 1022 are designated generally be the reference numeral 1021A. The rear extension portions 1021A of the frame 1021 are designed to have an open top or open side and three sides at least in the area or location at which the upper frame 1031 is connected to the lower frame 1021. The open top or open side configuration facilitates the pivotable connection of the upper frame 1031 of the upper structure 1030 to the lower frame 1021 of the lower structure 1020 while allowing for the requisite movement and/or rotation of the upper frame 1031 relative to the lower frame 1021.

[0280] Each peripheral side of the rear extension portion 1021A has holes designated by the reference number 1021F therethrough for facilitating a pivotable connection between the lower frame 1021 of the lower structure 1020 and the upper frame 1031 of the upper structure 1030.

[0281] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the lower structure 1020 also includes leg structures 1023 which are attached to each side of the lower frame 1021. The leg structures 1023 are shaped as shown in FIG. 21 and in the preferred embodiment are constructed from tubular steel. In the preferred embodiment, the leg structures 1023 are connected to the frame 1021 with any suitable hardware, bolts, nuts, etc. (not shown). The leg structures 1023 serve to provide support for the apparatus 1000 while elevating the seat 1022 above the ground or floor.

[0282] The lower structure 1020 can also include any appropriate stopping mechanism (not shown), if desired. The stopping mechanism which can be utilized can be any of the herein-described stopping mechanisms and/or can be any other suitable or appropriate mechanism(s) or device(s) for keeping the upper structure 1030 at a predetermined angle or height distance from the lower structure 1020 in order to allow a user sufficient room in order to mount and dismount from the apparatus 1000 as will be described in more detail below.

[0283] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the lower structure 1020 also includes extension rods 1029 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 1021 as shown. The extension rods 1029 can be integrally formed into the sides of the frame 1021. The lower structure 1020 also includes extension rods 1023A which are located on the peripheral sides of the leg structures 1023 as shown. The extension rods 1023A can also be integrally formed into the sides of the leg structures 1023. The extension rods 1023A can be utilized when utilizing the apparatus 1000 in performing abdominal exercises as described herein with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 18.

[0284] In the embodiment of FIG. 21, the resistance elements 1050 can be attached to the to the extension rods 1029.

[0285] The lower structure 1020 also includes handles 1075 which extend from both of the sides of the frame 1021 as shown. The handles 1075 can be connected to, and/or formed integrally with, the sides of the frame 1021 in any appropriate and/or suitable manner. The handles 1075 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 1076 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0286] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the upper structure 1030 includes a frame 1031. The frame 1031, in the embodiment of FIG. 21 includes an upper section 1031A and a lower section 1031B as shown. The upper section 1031A and the lower section 1031B are connected together with the upper structure adjustment device 1090. The upper structure adjustment device 1090 facilitates the rotation of the upper section 1031A relative to the lower section 1031B. The frame 1031 as well as the upper section 1031A and the lower section 1031B, can be constructed in a same, a similar, and/or an analogous manner, as the frame 31 of FIG. 4. The frame 1031 can also be shaped so as to have extended portions 1031C which extend at an angle from, or in relation to, the lower section of the frame 1031B, as shown.

[0287] The lower section 1031B of the upper frame 1031 also includes a rear extended portions 1031D which extend beyond the extended portions 1031C as shown in FIG. 21. In this manner, the lower section 1031B has extended portions 1031C which extend at an angle in relation to the lower section 1031B as well as rear extended portions 1031C.

[0288] The end portion of the extended portions 1031C have holes 1031G therethrough for pivotably connecting the extended portions 1031C of the upper structure 1030 to the lower frame 1021 of the lower structure 1020.

[0289] The lower section 1031B can be constructed and/or manufactured so that the extended end portions 1031C can extend from the main portion 1031B at any suitable angle. In the preferred embodiment, the frame 1031, and any of its component sections or extensions can be made or constructed from tubular steel. The frame 1031, and/or its various sections or extensions can be an integral unit(s) or can be constructed from individual pieces or sections.

[0290] The frame 1031 can also have, at the end regions of the extended end portions 1031C thereof, holes 1031F therethrough for pivotably connecting the frame 1031 of the upper structure 1030 to the lower frame 1021 of the lower structure 1020.

[0291] The upper structure 1030 also includes a back pad 1032 which is connected to the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031 via any suitable connecting or attaching device such as, but not limited to hardware, bolts, nuts, glue, etc. (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031 and back pad 1032 are sized such that the frame is wider than the back pad. In this manner, the peripheral portion of the frame extends outwardly beyond the back pad. In the preferred embodiment, the back pad is sized so as to provide support for the head or neck of the individual.

[0292] In another preferred embodiment, the back pad 1032 can also include any one or more of a headrest(s), a head pad (not shown), a neck pad (not shown), and/or a neck brace (not shown), if desired. The headrest(s), head pad(s), neck pad(s), and/or neck brace(s), which can be utilized can be fixed or adjustable, as desired.

[0293] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 1031 can be sized so that the peripheral sides of the frame 1031 can be flush with the peripheral sides of the back pad 1032 when the back pad 1032 is attached to the frame 1031. As illustrated in FIG. 21, the back pad 1032 is attached to the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031.

[0294] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the upper structure 1030 also includes handle portions 1033 which, in the preferred embodiment, are attached to the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031 as shown. The handle portions 1033 are connected to the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031 by any suitable connecting element, hardware, etc. (not shown). The handle portions 1033 can also have placed thereon and/or attached thereto formed gripping elements 1086 which can be of the typical bicycle handlebar type.

[0295] In another preferred embodiment, the handle portions 1033 can be integrally formed into or with the upper section 1031A of the frame 1031. The handle portions 1033 can be utilized as described hereinbelow in order to provide an appropriate holding or gripping device during use of the apparatus 1000 when exercising.

[0296] The upper structure 1030 can also include an appropriate stop element (not shown) which can be any of the herein-described stopping elements, described as being utilized in conjunction with the upper structure.

[0297] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the upper structure 1030 also includes extension rods 1035 which are located on the peripheral sides of the frame 1031 as shown. The extension rods 1035 are integrally formed into the sides of the frame 1031. The resistance elements 1050 can be attached to the extension rods 1035 in order to facilitate use of the apparatus 1000 for performing back exercises.

[0298] The rear extended portions 1031D of the frame 1031 also have connected thereto and/or formed integrally therewith, extension rods 1031E on the peripheral sides thereof. In the embodiment of FIG. 21, the resistance elements 1050 are attached to the extension rods 1031E in the same manner as described herein for any of the other embodiments described herein. The attachment to, and utilization of, the resistance elements 1050 in conjunction with the extension rods 1031E facilitates use of the apparatus 1000 in order to perform exercises for the abdominal muscles and/or exercises for the muscles in the abdomen, the torso, and/or any ancillary and/or related muscles or muscle groups.

[0299] With reference once again to FIG. 21, the apparatus 1000 is constructed by connecting the rear terminal end of the frame 1021 of the lower structure 1020 with the rear terminal end of the angled extended end portions 1031C of the frame 1031. This can be accomplished by placing the end portions of the angled extended end portions 1031C of the frame 1031 into the open-ended section of the rear extension portions 1021A until the respective holes 1031G and 1021F line up with one another. Thereafter, the upper structure 1030 and the lower structure 1020 are connected together with suitable hardware such as bolts, nuts, washers, etc. so as to effectuate and/or so as to establish a pivotable connection 1080 whereby the upper structure 1030 can rotate clockwise as well as counter-clockwise with reference to the lower structure 1020.

[0300] In another preferred embodiment, the upper structure 1030 and the lower structure 1020 can be pivotably connected together by utilizing a rod or axle (not shown), and associated hardware as shown. For example, the rod or axle can have one end terminating in a head which is larger than the diameter of the respective holes 1021F and 1031G and the opposite end terminating in a threaded portion. The rod or axle can be inserted through the respective holes 1021F and 1031G of the respective lower structure 1020 and upper structure 1030 so as to pivotably connect same together. Thereafter, a nut having a head larger than the diameter of the respective holes 1021F and 1031G can be applied to the threaded portion of the rod or axle thereby securing or connecting the upper structure 1030 to the lower structure 1020.

[0301] The resistance elements 1050 which are utilized can be rubber bands or rubber band structures which are described as being utilized in any of the herein-described embodiments.

[0302] The upper structure adjustment device 1090 facilitates the adjustment of the upper section 1031A in relation to the lower section 1031B in order to adjust the position of the upper section 1031A and the back pad 1031. In the embodiment of FIG. 21, the upper section 1031A and the lower section 1031B are aligned with one another. The upper structure adjustment device 1090 can include holes and a pin as described for the stopping device 290 for facilitating the adjustment of upper section 1031A in relation to the lower section 1031B.

[0303]FIG. 22 illustrates another embodiment of the apparatus 1000 with the upper section 1031A adjusted upwards and at an angle in relation to the lower section, as shown. The upper section can be rotated and positioned at any appropriate angle in relation to the lower section 1031B in order to suit the needs or desires of the user.

[0304] The apparatus 1000 of FIG. 21 can be adjusted for exercising the back muscles by placing the resistance elements 1050 on the extension rods 1035 and 1029. In the alternative, the apparatus 1000 of FIG. 21 can be adjusted for exercising the abdominal muscles by placing the resistance elements 1050 on the extension rods 1031E and 1023A.

[0305] The apparatus 1000 of FIG. 21 can be utilized by adjusting the position of the upper section 1031A and by thereafter utilizing the apparatus 1000 for exercising the back muscles or for exercising the abdominal muscles in the manner described in the respective FIGS. 6A through 6F or FIGS. 19A through 19E.

[0306] In the embodiments of FIGS. 18, 20 and 21, the respective rear extended portions 831C of FIG. 18, the rear extended portions 931C of FIG. 20 and the rear extended portions 1031D of FIG. 21, can be set on an angle and/or can be curved upwards and away from the lower structure. FIGS. 23A and 23B illustrates another preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

[0307]FIG. 23A illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 18 having an upper structure with upwardly angled rear extended portions 831C. FIG. 23B illustrates the apparatus of FIG. 18 having an upper structure with upwardly curved rear extended portions 831C. Although FIGS. 23A and 23B illustrate the apparatus of FIG. 18 as an example, it is to be understood that any of the embodiments of FIGS. 18, 20 and 21 can be modified in a same and/or in a similar manner as illustrated in FIG. 23A and 23B in order to have angled and/or curved rear extended portions.

[0308] Any of the embodiments of FIGS. 16 through 18 and FIGS. 20 through 22 can also be modified so as to have lower structures which are larger in size then the corresponding upper structures, and/or which can be placed on the floor, as described and illustrated in the embodiments of FIGS. 13, 14 and 15B.

[0309] In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the respective handles of the respective upper structures can he adjustable so as to accommodate the height or size of the respective user of same. In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the respective handles of the respective upper structures can also be telescopically adjustable.

[0310] In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the respective handles of the respective upper structures can also be fixed and/or can be adjustably fixed so as to extend obliquely from the sides of the respective upper structure. In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the respective handles of the respective upper structures can also be moveable and/or adjustable so as to be positioned in any number of suitable ways so as to facilitate the needs of the respective user or users.

[0311] In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein the various structural elements, frames, devices, etc., can be constructed of and/or manufactured from, steel, metal, wood, plastic, hard rubber, and/or any other suitable material and/or combination of materials. In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the various seats, back pads, and/or other devices or components can be constructed and/or manufactured from or with padding materials, rubber, hard rubber, plastic, steel, metal, wood, and/or any other suitable material or materials and/or any combination thereof.

[0312] In any and/or all of the embodiments described herein, the apparatus of the present invention can be utilized in any appropriate manner in order to perform any exercise(s) which include and/or which are premised upon providing movements against resistance.

[0313] The present invention provides an exercise apparatus and methods for using same which provides many advantages and benefits. The apparatus can be utilized to strengthen, firm, tone and shape the muscles in the back, the lower back and torso. The apparatus of the present invention can be utilized for exercising, strength training, rehabilitation, and/or for any other suitable purpose.

[0314] The apparatus of the present invention can be utilized by individuals having lower back problems, or back problems, of any type or kind, in order to strengthen the back muscles and, hence, the back without the use of methods or routines which cause or result in axial loading. Axial loading typically causes pressure on the invertebral discs and the nerve roots which can exacerbate rather than relieve symptoms involving or related to lower back problems or back problems. In this regard, the apparatus of the present invention allows an individual to strengthen the back without exacerbating or worsening his or her condition.

[0315] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in order to allow an individual to target the back muscles for exercise. As is well known, the exercising of the abdominal muscles or muscle groups typically serve to strengthen only one side of the body, the front side. The apparatus of the present invention allows an individual to target and exercise the back muscles, the antagonistic muscle group to the abdominal muscles. By targeting the back muscles for exercise, the apparatus of the present invention allows for the stabilization and/or the strengthening of the entire axial skeleton.

[0316] The apparatus and method of the present invention can also be utilized in rehabilitation scenarios and/or applications and can allow an individual to gradually increase the amount of resistance, utilized in the exercise, over time so as to strengthen and rehabilitate back muscles and other related muscles following an injury.

[0317] The apparatus and method of the present invention, by utilizing any one or more of the herein-described back pads and/or any of the headrests), head pad(s), neck pad(s), neck brace(s), padding, or safety equipment, described as being utilized in conjunction with the apparatus, can prevent the hyper extension of the neck or head during use or exercise, thereby serving to prevent injuries which can result from such hyper extending.

[0318] The apparatus of the present invention can also be utilized in order to strengthen the back muscles so as to provide structural support for the spine and/or for the spinal column. By facilitating the strengthening of the back muscles and providing improved stabilization of the spinal column, the use of the apparatus of the present invention can help to prevent and/or decrease the incidence of back and spinal injuries.

[0319] The apparatus of the present invention provides an exercise apparatus which is easy to use and which provides for controlled movements which can specifically target the muscles of the back, the lower back, and/or the torso. The design of the apparatus of the present invention can also serve to ensure that exercises are performed correctly so as to achieve the desired results and so as to prevent injury.

[0320] The apparatus of the present invention can be efficiently and economically produced and/or manufactured so as to provide for an affordable alternative to expensive equipment which are typically found in gyms and/or in rehabilitative facilities. The apparatus can be provided as a compact unit and/or as a unit having a small footprint, thereby making same suitable for use at home or while away from home. The apparatus can also be designed to be portable for use at different locations. Further, the ability to change the resistances and/or the resistance levels which are utilized during exercise use facilitates use of the apparatus by multiple individuals at a given location.

[0321] While the present invention has been described and illustrated in various preferred and alternate embodiments, such descriptions are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed to be limitations thereof. In this regard, the present invention encompasses all modifications, variations and/or alternate embodiments, with the scope of the present invention being limited only by the claims which follow. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a lower structure; an upper structure, wherein an end region of said upper structure is pivotably connected to an end region of said lower structure, wherein said upper structure is rotatable relative to said lower structure; and at least one resistance element, wherein at least one of said at least one resistance element is at least one of attached to and connected to said upper structure and to said lower structure, and further wherein said at least one resistance element provides resistance to at least one of a rotational movement and an upward movement of said upper structure away from said lower structure.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said lower structure further comprises: a frame; and at least one of a seat and a pad, wherein said at least one of a seat and a pad is attached to said frame.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said upper structure further comprises: a frame; and at least one of a pad and a back pad, wherein said at least one of a pad and a back pad is attached to said frame.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: at least one handle, wherein said at least one handle is attached to at least one of said lower structure, said upper structure, and a frame.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: at least one extension element at least one of attached to and extending from said lower structure, wherein said at least one resistance element is at least one of received by, attached to, and connected to, said at least one extension element.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: at least one extension element at least one of attached to and extending from said upper structure, wherein said at least one resistance element is at least one of received by, attached to, and connected to, said at least one extension element.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of extension elements, wherein at least one extension element is located on said lower structure, and wherein at least one extension element is located on said upper structure, and further wherein a region of at least one of said at least one resistance element is at least one of attached to and received by said at least one extension element located on said lower structure, and further wherein a region of at least one of said at least one resistance element is at least one of attached to and received by said at least one extension element located on said upper structure.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: at least one leg attached to the bottom of said lower structure, wherein said at least one leg elevates said lower structure above at least one of a floor and the ground.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a stopping mechanism for limiting the angle of rotation of said upper structure relative to said lower structure, wherein said stopping mechanism is located on at least one of said lower structure and said upper structure.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said stopping mechanism further comprises: a stopping element, wherein said stopping is connected to said lower structure; and an actuation device, where said actuation device is attached to said stopping element, and further wherein said actuation device can control a movement of said stopping element from a first position whereat said stopping element prevents a movement of said upper structure relative to said lower structure to a second position whereat said stopping element does not prevent a a movement of said upper structure relative to said lower structure.
 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: at least one stopping element for preventing a movement of said upper structure relative to said lower structure.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one resistance element is at least one of a rubber resistance element and an elastic resistance element.
 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one resistance element has at least one of a constant resistance, a fixed resistance, and a variable resistance.
 14. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a stopping device for limiting the angle of movement of said upper structure relative to said lower structure, wherein said stopping device is located at a region wherein said upper structure and said lower structure are pivotably connected to one another.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said stopping device further comprises: hardware attached to at least one of said lower structure and said upper structure; and an adjustment element for adjusting the angle between said upper structure and said lower structure.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said hardware is a bracket containing a plurality of adjustment holes, and wherein said adjustment element is at least one of a pin, a bolt, and a rod, wherein said adjustment element is at least one of insertable into and removable from at least one of said plurality of adjustment holes.
 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of an angle of rotation and a range of motion of said upper structure from said lower structure is from zero degrees to one hundred and eighty degrees.
 18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of an angle of rotation and a range of motion of said upper structure from said lower structure is at least one of from an angle greater than zero degrees and to at least one of an angle less than one hundred and eighty degrees n an angle equal to one hundred and eighty degrees.
 19. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a lower structure; an upper structure, wherein an end region of said upper structure is pivotably connected to an end region of said lower structure, wherein said upper structure is rotatable relative to said lower structure; and at least one resistance element, wherein at least one of said at least one resistance element is at least one of attached to and connected to said upper structure and to said lower structure, and further wherein said at least one resistance element provides resistance to at least one of a rotational movement and an upward movement of said upper structure away from said lower structure, and further wherein said lower structure is longer in length than said upper structure.
 20. A method for utilizing an exercise apparatus, comprising: mounting the apparatus by placing oneself on a lower structure and by placing one's back against an upper structure; pushing against the upper structure so as to cause the upper structure to rotate away from the lower structure against a biasing resistance; and reaching a desired angle of rotation between the upper structure and the lower structure. 